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Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by memory dysfunction, neuronal cell damage, and neuroinflammation. It is believed that AD-related pathology is mostly due to the overproduction of A β , especially the oligomeric form (A β O), in the brain. Evidence of the effects of multifunctional medicinal herbs in the treatment of AD has been steadily increasing. Optimized-SopungSunkiwon (OSS), a multiherbal formulation that is composed of six medicinal herbs derived from SopungSunkiwon, is a traditional medicine that is prescribed for neurodegenerative disorders in elderly patients. We previously reported that OSS showed an antiamnesic and memory enhancing effect in mice, but it is unknown whether OSS has a protective effect against A β O neurotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of OSS in AD models induced by A β O  in vitro  and  in vivo . We found that OSS protected neuronal cells and inhibited the generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species against A β O toxicity  in vitro . These results were confirmed by  in vivo  data that oral administration of OSS for 14 days attenuated memory impairments and neuronal cell death by modulating gliosis, glutathione depletion, and synaptic damage in the mouse hippocampus induced by A β O.

Optimized-SopungSunkiwon, a Herbal Formula, Attenuates AβOligomer-Induced Neurotoxicity in Alzheimer’s Disease Models