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Purpose . To evaluate children's psychosocial and environmental factors associated with sedentary behavior (SB).  Method . The study involved a total of 420 children (mean 9.2 years; 52.9% girls) from the community of Madrid, Spain. SB and physical activity (PA) were objectively measured using accelerometers. TV viewing and potential correlates were assessed by questionnaire. Mixed-model regression analysis, adjusted for clustering within school locations, evaluated the relation of each independent variable with SBs.  Results . Girls showed higher levels of SB than boys, whereas boys reported more TV viewing ( p  < .001 in all cases). Regression analysis showed that MVPA levels were negatively related to objective SB measurement in both boys and girls ( p  < .001). Parent and friend support to PA were negatively associated with SB on weekdays in boys and girls, respectively ( p  < .05). In the boys' group, parental professional level was a positive predictor of SB on weekend days ( p  = .011). Boys with more positive neighborhood perceptions spent less time watching TV ( p  < .001), whereas mother's leisure-time PA level was a negative correlate of TV viewing in girls' group ( p  < .01).  Conclusion . Different psychosocial and environmental correlates of SB were identified. Present findings are promising targets for interventions to improve children's health.

Psychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Sedentary Behaviors in Spanish Children