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Background . Genetic polymorphisms in certain cytokines and chemokines have been investigated to understand why some individuals display implant flaws despite having few risk factors at the time of implant.  Purpose . To investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms in interleukin-  (IL-) 10  [-1082 region (A/G)] and  RANKL  [-438 region (A/G)] with the failure of dental implants.  Materials and Methods . This study included 90 partially edentulous male and female patients who were rehabilitated with a total of 245 Straumann dental implants. An implant was considered a failure if any of the following occurred: mobility, persistent subjective complaint, recurrent peri-implant infection with suppuration, continuous radiolucency around the implant, probing depth ≥ 5 mm, and bleeding on probing. Buccal mucosal cells were collected for analysis of  RANKL438  and  IL-10 .  Results . The implant success rate in this population was 34.4%. The mutant allele (G) in  RANKL  had an incidence of 52.3% and mutant allele (A) in  IL-10  was observed in 37.8%. No statistically significant difference was detected between the failure of the implant and the genotypes and allelic frequencies.  Conclusion . No association was detected between the genetic polymorphisms of  RANKL  (-438) and  IL-10  (-1082) and the failure of dental implants in the population studied.

Polymorphisms of Il-10 (-1082) and RANKL (-438) Genes and the Failure of Dental Implants