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Persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an elevated risk of atherosclerosis. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) normally protect against cardiovascular disease (CVD), but this may be attenuated by serum amyloid A (SAA). In a case-control study of young females, blood samples were compared between subjects with T2DM ( n  = 42) and individuals without T2DM ( n  = 42). SAA and apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) concentrations, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activities were measured in the serum and/or HDL 2  and HDL 3  subfractions. SAA concentrations were higher in T2DM compared to controls: serum (30 mg/L (17, 68) versus 15 mg/L (7, 36);  p  = 0.002), HDL 2  (1.0 mg/L (0.6, 2.2) versus 0.4 mg/L (0.2, 0.7);  p  < 0.001), and HDL 3 , (13 mg/L (8, 29) versus 6 mg/L (3, 13);  p  < 0.001). Serum-PON-1 activity was lower in T2DM compared to that in controls (38,245 U/L (7025) versus 41,109 U/L (5690);  p  = 0.043). CETP activity was higher in T2DM versus controls in HDL 2  (232.6  μ mol/L (14.1) versus 217.1  μ mol/L (25.1);  p  = 0.001) and HDL 3  (279.5  μ mol/L (17.7) versus 245.2  μ mol/L (41.2);  p  < 0.001). These results suggest that individuals with T2DM have increased SAA-related inflammation and dysfunctional HDL features. SAA may prove to be a useful biomarker in T2DM given its association with elevated CVD risk.

journal of diabetes research

Type 2 Diabetes in Young Females Results in Increased Serum Amyloid A and Changes to Features of High Density Lipoproteins in Both HDL<sub>2</sub> and HDL<sub>3</sub>

Type 2 Diabetes in Young Females Results in Increased Serum Amyloid A and Changes to Features of High Density Lipoproteins in Both HDL2 and HDL3

Type 2 Diabetes in Young Females Results in Increased Serum Amyloid A and Changes to Features of High Density Lipoproteins in Both HDL₂ and HDL₃