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Aim . To study the correlation between intestinal flora and ulcerative colitis by analyzing the abundance of  Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium  spp., and  Faecalibacterium prausnitzii  in the intestinal of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and healthy controls with Uygur and Han ethnic.  Methods . Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples and analyzed with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the abundance of  Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium  spp., and  Faecalibacterium prausnitzii .  Results . The samples from UC patients, Uygur and Han ethnic combined, had higher abundance of  Bacteroides  ( P  = 0.026) but lower  Clostridium  ( P  = 0.004),  Bifidobacterium  spp. ( P  = 0.009), and  Faecalibacterium prausnitzii  ( P  = 0.008) than those from healthy controls. Among UC patients,  Bacteroides  population was raised in acute UC patients ( P  ≤ 0.05), while the abundance of  Clostridium ,  Bifidobacterium  spp.,  Fusobacterium , and  Faecalibacterium prausnitzii  decreased ( P  ≤ 0.05) compared with the remission. In both UC patients group and control group, no difference was observed in the abundance of these 5 bacteria between the Han and the Uygur group.  Conclusions . Variations in the abundance of these five bacterial strains in intestines may be associated with the occurrence of UC in Uygur and Han populations; however, these variations were not associated with ethnic difference.

Quantitative Analysis of Intestinal Flora of Uygur and Han Ethnic Chinese Patients with Ulcerative Colitis