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We report the chemical composition and anti- Leishmania  and antioxidant activity of  Artemisia campestris  L. and  Artemisia herba - alba  Asso. essential oils (EOs). Our results showed that these extracts exhibit different antioxidant activities according to the used assay. The radical scavenging effects determined by DPPH assay were of IC 50  = 3.3 mg/mL and IC 50  = 9.1 mg/mL for  Artemisia campestris  and  Artemisia herba - alba  essential oils, respectively. However, antioxidant effects of both essential oils, determined by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, were in the same range (2.3 and 2.97 mg eq EDTA/g EO, resp.), while the  Artemisia herba - alba  essential oil showed highest chelating activity of Fe 2+  ions (27.48 mM Fe 2+ ). Interestingly, we showed that both EOs possess dose-dependent activity against  Leishmania infantum  promastigotes with IC 50  values of 68  μ g/mL and 44  μ g/mL for  A. herba - alba  and  A. campestris , respectively. We reported, for the first time, that antileishmanial activity of both EOs was mediated by cell apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest at the sub-G0/G1 phase. All our results showed that EOs from  A. herba - alba  and  A. campestris  plants are promising candidates as anti- Leishmania  medicinal products.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

AsteraceaeArtemisia campestrisandArtemisia herba-albaEssential Oils Trigger Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest inLeishmania infantumPromastigotes