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Leuconostoc  species are vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive cocci. Infections due to  Leuconostoc  species have been reported in various immunocompromised patients, but little is known about such infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. We report a case of  Leuconostoc  infection in a 44-year-old woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The patient developed a high fever despite antimicrobial therapy with doripenem after induction chemotherapy. After an isolate from blood cultures was identified as  L. pseudomesenteroides , we changed the antibiotics to piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamicin, after which the patient recovered from the infection. Physicians should be aware of  Leuconostoc  species as causative pathogen if they encounter Gram-positive cocci bacteremia resistant to standard antibiotics such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, especially in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Bacteremia due toLeuconostoc pseudomesenteroidesin a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature