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Conditions related to body composition and aging, such as osteopenic obesity, sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity, and the newly termed osteosarcopenic obesity (triad of bone muscle and adipose tissue impairment), are beginning to gain recognition. However there is still a  lack of definitive diagnostic criteria  for these conditions. Little is known about the long-term impact of these combined conditions of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity in older adults. Many may go undiagnosed and progress untreated. Therefore, the objective of this research is to create  diagnostic criteria  for osteosarcopenic obesity in older women. The proposed  diagnostic criteria  are based on  two types of assessments: physical,  via body composition measurements, and  functional,  via physical performance measures. Body composition measurements such as  T -scores for bone mineral density, appendicular lean mass for sarcopenia, and percent body fat could all be obtained via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical performance tests: handgrip strength, one-leg stance, walking speed, and sit-to-stand could be assessed with minimal equipment. A score could then be obtained to measure functional decline in the older adult. For  diagnosing osteosarcopenic obesity  and other conditions related to bone loss and muscle loss combined with obesity, a combination of measures may more adequately improve the assessment process.

Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome: What Is It and How Can It Be Identified and Diagnosed?