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IFN- γ  is a key cytokine in antituberculosis (TB) defense. However, how the levels of its secretion affect  M. tuberculosis  ( Mtb ) infection is not clear. We have analyzed associations between IFN- γ  responses measured in QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-tube (QFT) assay, TB disease severity, and  Mtb  infection activity. TB severity was evaluated based on the results of radiological, microbiological, and clinical examinations. Antigen-driven IFN- γ  secretion did not correlate with TB severity. Mitogen-induced IFN- γ  secretion correlated inversely with the form of pulmonary pathology and the area of affected pulmonary tissue; the levels of spontaneous IFN- γ  secretion correlated with patients' age ( r  = 0.395,  p  = 0.001).  Mtb  infection activity was evaluated based on radiological data of lung tissue infiltration, destruction, dissemination or calcification, and condensation. The rate of positive QFT results and the levels of antigen-driven IFN- γ  secretion increased in a row: patients with residual TB lesions < patients with low TB activity < patients with high TB activity. Thus, antigen-driven IFN- γ  secretion and QFT results did not associate with TB severity but associated with the infection activity. The results suggest that quantitative parameters of IFN- γ  secretion play a minor role in determining the course of TB disease but mirror the activity of the infectious process.

journal of immunology research

Antigen-Specific IFN-<i>γ</i> Responses Correlate with the Activity of<i> M. tuberculosis</i> Infection but Are Not Associated with the Severity of Tuberculosis Disease

Antigen-Specific IFN-γ Responses Correlate with the Activity of M. tuberculosis Infection but Are Not Associated with the Severity of Tuberculosis Disease