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An 88-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with worsening malaise, fever, and weakness. Anaerobic blood culture bottles revealed the presence of an anaerobic, Gram-positive sporulated bacillus. Empirical antibiotherapy with intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam was initiated. The patient defervesced after four days and was switched to oral amoxicillin on his 6th day of antibiotic therapy and later discharged from the hospital. Four months later, he had recovered. The bacterium was initially identified as  Clostridium butyricum  using anaerobic manual identification panel. 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed the bacterium to be  Clostridium lavalense , a recently described species with no previously published case of isolation in human diagnostic samples so far. This is the first report of  Clostridium lavalense  isolation from human blood cultures. Further studies are needed in order to elucidate the role of  Clostridium lavalense  in human disease and its virulence factors.

First Report ofClostridium lavalenseIsolated in Human Blood Cultures