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As lifetime exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation has risen, the deleterious effects have also become more apparent. Numerous sunscreen and skincare products have therefore been developed to help reduce the occurrence of sunburn, photoageing, and skin carcinogenesis. This has stimulated research into identifying new natural sources of effective skin protecting compounds. Alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) was employed to assess aqueous extracts derived from soil or hydroponically glasshouse-grown roots of  Althea officinalis  (Marshmallow) and  Astragalus membranaceus , compared with commercial, field-grown roots. Hydroponically grown root extracts from both plant species were found to significantly reduce UVA-induced DNA damage in cultured human lung and skin fibroblasts, although initial  Astragalus  experimentation detected some genotoxic effects, indicating that  Althea  root extracts may be better suited as potential constituents of dermatological formulations. Glasshouse-grown soil and hydroponic  Althea  root extracts afforded lung fibroblasts with statistically significant protection against UVA irradiation for a greater period of time than the commercial field-grown roots. No significant reduction in DNA damage was observed when total ultraviolet irradiation (including UVB) was employed (data not shown), indicating that the extracted phytochemicals predominantly protected against indirect UVA-induced oxidative stress.  Althea  phytochemical root extracts may therefore be useful components in dermatological formulations.

oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

An Evaluation of Root Phytochemicals Derived from<i>Althea officinalis</i>(Marshmallow) and<i>Astragalus membranaceus</i>as Potential Natural Components of UV Protecting Dermatological Formulations

An Evaluation of Root Phytochemicals Derived fromAlthea officinalis(Marshmallow) andAstragalus membranaceusas Potential Natural Components of UV Protecting Dermatological Formulations