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Several  Artemisia  species are used as herbal medicines including the dried aerial parts of  Artemisia capillaris , which are used as Artemisiae Capillaris Herba (known as “Injinho” in Korean medicinal terminology and “Yin Chen Hao” in Chinese). In this study, we developed tools for distinguishing between  A. capillaris  and 11 other  Artemisia  species that grow and/or are cultured in China, Japan, and Korea. Based on partial nucleotide sequences in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) that differ between the species, we designed primers to amplify a DNA marker for  A. capillaris . In addition, to detect other  Artemisia  species that are contaminants of  A. capillaris , we designed primers to amplify DNA markers of  A. japonica ,  A. annua ,  A. apiacea , and  A. anomala . Moreover, based on random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, we confirmed that primers developed in a previous study could be used to identify  Artemisia  species that are sources of Artemisiae Argyi Folium and Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba. By using these primers, we found that multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was a reliable tool to distinguish between  A. capillaris  and other  Artemisia  species and to identify other  Artemisia  species as contaminants of  A. capillaris  in a single PCR.

Application of Partial Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences for the Discrimination ofArtemisia capillarisfrom OtherArtemisiaSpecies