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18 β -Glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA), a major component of  Glycyrrhiza glabra , is widely used therapeutically in clinic. In this study, the effect of GRA on  Helicobacter pylori - ( H. pylori -) infected gastritis was investigated in Mongolian gerbils  in vivo . The gerbils were randomly divided into groups: uninfected;  H. pylori -infected;  H. pylori  + antibiotics (clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and esomeprazole); and  H. pylori  + GRA. The gastric intraluminal pH value, histopathological changes, and the expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-1 β , TNF- α , COX-2, and iNOS) were investigated. The results showed that, in the  H. pylori  + GRA group, the intraluminal gastric pH value was lower (2.14 ± 0.08 versus 3.17 ± 0.23,  P  < 0.05), erosion and hyperplasia were alleviated, the infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells was attenuated ( P  < 0.05), and the expression levels of TNF- α , IL-1 β , COX-2, and iNOS were decreased ( P  < 0.05) compared with the  H. pylori -infected group. There was no significant difference in results between the  H. pylori  + GRA group and the  H. pylori  + antibiotics group. This study indicated that GRA significantly attenuated  H. pylori -infected gastritis in gerbils and has the potential to be developed as a new therapeutic drug.

The Protective Effects of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid onHelicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Mucosa in Mongolian Gerbils