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The nematode  Caenorhabditis elegans  explores the environment using a combination of different movement patterns, which include straight movement, reversal, and turns. We propose to quantify  C. elegans  movement behavior using a computer vision approach based on run-length encoding of step-length data. In this approach, the path of  C. elegans  is encoded as a string of characters, where each character represents a path segment of a specific type of movement. With these encoded string data, we perform  k -means cluster analysis to distinguish movement behaviors resulting from different genotypes and food availability. We found that shallow and sharp turns are the most critical factors in distinguishing the differences among the movement behaviors. To validate our approach, we examined the movement behavior of  tph-1  mutants that lack an enzyme responsible for serotonin biosynthesis. A  k -means cluster analysis with the path string-encoded data showed that  tph-1  movement behavior on food is similar to that of wild-type animals off food. We suggest that this run-length encoding approach is applicable to trajectory data in animal or human mobility data.

A Run-Length Encoding Approach for Path Analysis ofC. elegansSearch Behavior