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bap A, previously named  stm2689 , encodes the BapA protein, which, along with cellulose and fimbriae, constitutes biofilms. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that grow in a matrix of exopolysaccharides and may adhere to living tissues or inert surfaces. Biofilm formation is associated with the ability to persist in different environments, which contributes to the pathogenicity of several species. We analyzed the presence of  bap A in 83 strains belonging to 17 serovars of  Salmonella enterica  subsp.  enterica  from wildlife in captivity at Culiacan's Zoo and Mazatlán's Aquarium. Each isolate amplified a product of 667 bp, which corresponds to the expected size of the  bap A initiator, with no observed variation between different serovars analyzed.  bap A gene was found to be highly conserved in  Salmonella  and can be targeted for the genus-specific detection of this organism from different sources. Since  bap A expression improves bacterial proliferation outside of the host and facilitates resistance to disinfectants and desiccation, the survival of  Salmonella  in natural habitats may be favored. Thus, the risk of bacterial contamination from these animals is increased.

Identification ofbapA in Strains ofSalmonella entericasubsp.entericaIsolated from Wild Animals Kept in Captivity in Sinaloa, Mexico