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Attalea speciosa  syn  Orbignya phalerata  Mart. (babassu) has been used in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases.  Aim of the study . To investigate the antimicrobial and immunological activity of babassu mesocarp extract (EE).  Material and Methods.  The  in vitro  antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion assay and by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to  Escherichia coli ,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,  Enterococcus faecalis ,  Staphylococcus aureus,  and methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  (MRSA). The flavonoids and phenolic acids content were determined by chromatography. The  in vivo  assays were performed in Swiss mice submitted to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mice received EE subcutaneously (125 or 250 mg/Kg), 6 hours after the CLP. The number of lymphoid cells was quantified and the cytokines production was determined by ELISA after 12 h.  Results.  EE was effective as antimicrobial to  E. faecalis ,  S. aureus , and MRSA. EE is rich in phenolic acids, a class of compounds with antimicrobial and immunological activity. An increased survival can be observed in those groups, possibly due to a significant inhibition of TNF- α  and IL-6.  Conclusions.  The EE showed specific antimicrobial activity  in vitro  and an important antiseptic effect  in vivo  possibly due to the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity.

Immunomodulatory and Antimicrobial Activity of Babassu Mesocarp Improves the Survival in Lethal Sepsis