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We review topics related to the first moment of azimuthal anisotropy ($v_1$),commonly known as directed flow, focusing on both charged particles andidentified particles from heavy-ion collisions. Beam energies from the highestavailable, at the CERN LHC, down to projectile kinetic energies per nucleon ofa few GeV per nucleon, as studied in experiments at the Brookhaven AGS, fallwithin our scope. We focus on experimental measurements and on theoretical workwhere direct comparisons with experiment have been emphasized. The physicsaddressed or potentially addressed by this review topic includes the study ofQuark Gluon Plasma, and more generally, investigation of the QuantumChromodynamics phase diagram and the equation of state describing theaccessible phases.

The first moment of azimuthal anisotropy in nuclear collisions from AGS to LHC energies