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The influence of anabolic hormones and body composition in men with prediabetes (PD) is unknown. In a cross-sectional study we investigated the relationships between total testosterone (TT), calculated free testosterone (cFT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and body composition assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method in 84 patients with PD (40–80 years) and 56 men in control group. Patients with PD had lower TT, cFT, and DHEAS levels but similar IGF-1 levels in both groups. Patients with PD presented the higher total and abdominal fat as well as the lower total and abdominal lean than control ( p  < 0.02,  p  < 0.01,  p  < 0.05, and  p  < 0.02, resp.). We observed negative relationship between TT and total fat ( p  = 0.014) and positive with abdominal lean mass ( p  = 0.034), while cFT was negatively associated with abdominal ( p  = 0.02), trunk ( p  = 0.024), and leg fat ( p  = 0.037) and positively associated with total ( p  = 0.022) and trunk lean ( p  = 0.024). DHEAS were negatively associated with total fat ( p  = 0.045), and IGF-1 were positively associated with abdominal ( p  = 0.003) and leg lean ( p  = 0.015). In conclusion, the lowered anabolic hormones are involved in body composition rearrangement in men with PD. Further studies are needed to establish whether the androgen replacement therapy would be beneficial in men with PD.

The Relationships between Anabolic Hormones and Body Composition in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men with Prediabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study