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The pathogenic potentials of two sibling nematodes  Anisakis simplex  sensu stricto (s.s.) and  A. pegreffii  were compared by  in vitro  and  in vivo  studies. Live third-stage larvae of each species were subjected to agar blocks made using PBS or RPMI-1640, overlaid with different supernatants (artificial gastric juice, PBS, and RPMI-1640), and their penetration ability was compared. Their tolerance of artificial gastric juice was also tested. Further, they were introduced into rats by gastric intubation, and the  in vivo  locations of them were investigated.  A. pegreffii  showed higher penetration ability than  A. simplex  (s.s.) in most of the experimental conditions, except for the RPMI-1640 agar block overlaid with artificial gastric juice. In an acid tolerance test, the mean survival times were 6.1 days for  A. simplex  (s.s.) and 4.2 days for  A. pegreffii . In an animal experiment,  A. simplex  (s.s.) stayed for a shorter time in the stomachs of rats than  A. pegreffii . Some  A. pegreffii  and  A. simplex  (s.s.) were embedded in the gastric mucosa or freely existed in the abdominal cavity. All of these results suggest that  A. pegreffii  has the pathogenic potential to cause anisakidosis in humans when ingested, as does  A. simplex  (s.s.).

biomed research international

Pathogenic Potential of Two Sibling Species,Anisakis simplex(s.s.) andAnisakis pegreffii(Nematoda: Anisakidae):In VitroandIn VivoStudies