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Objective . To investigate the correlation of CTRP9 with coronary atherosclerosis.  Methods . Coronary angiography confirmed CAD in 241 patients (62 received CABG) and non-CAD in 121 (55 received valve replacement).  Results . Serum levels of LDL-C, CRP, TNF- α , IL-6, and leptin in CAD patients were significantly higher than those in non-CAD patients ( P  < 0.05), but APN and CTRP9 were lower ( P  < 0.05). Serum levels of CTRP9 and APN were negatively related to BMI, HOMA-IR, TNF- α , IL-6, and leptin but positively to HDL-C ( P  < 0.05) in CAD patients. After adjustment of APN, CTRP9 was still related to the above parameters. Serum CTRP9 was a protective factor of CAD ( P  < 0.05). When compared with non-CAD patients, leptin mRNA expression increased dramatically, while CTRP9 mRNA expression reduced markedly in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD patients ( P  < 0.05). The leptin expression and macrophage count in CAD group were significantly higher than in non-CAD group, but CAD patients had a markedly lower CTRP9 expression ( P  < 0.05).  Conclusions . Circulating and coronary CTRP9 plays an important role in the inflammation and coronary atherosclerosis of CAD patients. Serum CTRP9 is an independent protective factor of CAD.

Associations of C1q/TNF-Related Protein-9 Levels in Serum and Epicardial Adipose Tissue with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Humans