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This study is designed to determine the contamination degree of hospital water supplies with  Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella pneumophila , and  E. coli  in Gilan, Iran. Samples were collected directly into sterile containers and concentrated by centrifuge. Half part of any sample transferred to yeast extract broth and the second part transferred to Trypticase Soy Broth and incubated for 3 days. DNA was extracted by using commercial kit. Four rounds of PCR were performed as follows: multiplex PCR for detecting  Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Integron 1, and Metallo- β -lactamases gene; PCR for detecting  Legionella pneumophila  and  mip  gene separately; PCR for detecting  E. coli ; and another PCR for detecting whole bacterial presence. Contamination rates of cold, warm, and incubator water samples with  P. aeruginosa , were 16.6%, 37.5%, and 6.8% consequently. Degrees of contamination with  L. pneumophila  were 3.3%, 9.3%, and 10.9% and with  E. coli  were zero, 6.2%, and zero. Total bacterial contamination of cold, warm, and incubator water samples was 93.3%, 84.4%, and 89.0% consequently. Metallo- β -lactamases gene was found in 20.0% of all samples. Contamination degree with  P. aeruginosa  was considerable and with  L. pneumophila  was moderate. Metallo- β -lactamases gene was found frequently indicating widespread multiple drug resistance bacteria. We suggest using new decontamination method based on nanotechnology.

Contamination of Hospital Water Supplies in Gilan, Iran, withLegionella pneumophila, Escherichia coli,andPseudomonas aeruginosa