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Fibroblast cultures were used to study the effects of crude  Walterinnesia aegyptia  venom and its F1–F7 protein fractions on TCA cycle enzyme activities and mitochondrial NAD-redox state. Confluent cells were incubated with 10  μ g of venom proteins for 4 hours at 37°C. The activities of all studied TCA enzymes and the non-TCA mitochondrial NADP + -dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase underwent significant reductions of similar magnitude (50–60% of control activity) upon incubation of cells with the crude venom and fractions F4, F5, and F7 and 60–70% for fractions F3 and F6. In addition, the crude and fractions F3–F7 venom proteins caused a drop in mitochondrial NAD +  and NADP +  levels equivalent to around 25% of control values. Whereas the crude and fractions F4, F5, and F7 venom proteins caused similar magnitude drops in NADH and NADPH (around 55% of control levels), fractions F3 and F6 caused a more drastic drop (60–70% of control levels) of both reduced coenzymes. Results indicate that the effects of venom proteins could be directed at the mitochondrial level and/or the rates of NAD +  and NADP +  biosynthesis.

biomed research international

The Effect of<i>Walterinnesia aegyptia</i>Venom Proteins on TCA Cycle Activity and Mitochondrial NAD<sup>+</sup>-Redox State in Cultured Human Fibroblasts

The Effect ofWalterinnesia aegyptiaVenom Proteins on TCA Cycle Activity and Mitochondrial NAD+-Redox State in Cultured Human Fibroblasts

The Effect ofWalterinnesia aegyptiaVenom Proteins on TCA Cycle Activity and Mitochondrial NAD⁺-Redox State in Cultured Human Fibroblasts