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Polymyxin E belongs to cationic polypeptide antibiotic bearing four types of direct precursor amino acids including L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (L-Dab), L-Leu, D-Leu, and L-Thr. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of addition of precursor amino acids during fermentation on polymyxin E biosynthesis in  Paenibacillus polymyxa . The results showed that, after 35 h fermentation, addition of direct precursor amino acids to certain concentration significantly inhibited polymyxin E production and affected the expression of genes involved in its biosynthesis. L-Dab repressed the expression of polymyxin synthetase genes  pmxA  and  pmxE , as well as 2,4-diaminobutyrate aminotransferase gene  ectB ; both L-Leu and D-Leu repressed the  pmxA  expression. In addition, L-Thr affected the expression of not only  pmxA , but also regulatory genes  spo0A  and  abrB . As L-Dab precursor, L-Asp repressed the expression of  ectB ,  pmxA , and  pmxE . Moreover, it affected the expression of  spo0A  and  abrB . In contrast, L-Phe, a nonprecursor amino acid, had no obvious effect on polymyxin E biosynthesis and those biosynthesis-related genes expression. Taken together, our data demonstrated that addition of precursor amino acids during fermentation will inhibit polymyxin E production probably by affecting the expression of its biosynthesis-related genes.

biomed research international

Precursor Amino Acids Inhibit Polymyxin E Biosynthesis in<i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i>, Probably by Affecting the Expression of Polymyxin E Biosynthesis-Associated Genes

Precursor Amino Acids Inhibit Polymyxin E Biosynthesis inPaenibacillus polymyxa, Probably by Affecting the Expression of Polymyxin E Biosynthesis-Associated Genes