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Objective.  The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of  Teucrium polium  and metformin on diabetes-induced memory impairment and brain tissues oxidative damage were investigated.  Methods.  The rats were divided into: (1) Control, (2) Diabetic, (3) Diabetic-Extract 100 (Dia-Ext 100), (4) Diabetic-Extract 200 (Dia-Ext 200), (5) Diabetic-Extract 400 (Dia-Ext 400), and (6) Diabetic-Metformin (Dia-Met). Groups 3–6 were treated by 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the extract or metformin, respectively, for 6 weeks (orally).  Results . In passive avoidance test, the latency to enter the dark compartment in Diabetic group was lower than that of Control group ( P  < 0.01). In Dia-Ext 100, Dia-Ext 200, and Dia-Ext 400 and Metformin groups, the latencies were higher than those of Diabetic group ( P  < 0.01). Lipid peroxides levels (reported as malondialdehyde, MDA, concentration) in the brain of Diabetic group were higher than Control ( P  < 0.001). Treatment by all doses of the extract and metformin decreased the MDA concentration ( P  < 0.01).  Conclusions.  The results of present study showed that metformin and the hydroalcoholic extract of  Teucrium polium  prevent diabetes-induced memory deficits in rats. Protection against brain tissues oxidative damage might have a role in the beneficial effects of the extract and metformin.

Beneficial Effects ofTeucrium poliumand Metformin on Diabetes-Induced Memory Impairments and Brain Tissue Oxidative Damage in Rats