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Objective . This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of kaempferol against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.  Method . Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and its maximum up/down rate (± dp / dt   max ) were recorded as myocardial function. Infarct size was detected with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl nick-end labeling (TUNEL). The levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ) were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, total glycogen synthase kinase-3 β  (GSK-3 β ), phospho-GSK-3 β  (P-GSK-3 β ), precaspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and cytoplasm cytochrome C were assayed using Western blot analysis.  Results . Pretreatment with kaempferol significantly improved the recovery of LVDP and ± dp / dt   max , as well as increased the levels of SOD and P-GSK-3 β  and GSH/GSSG ratio. However, the pretreatment reduced myocardial infarct size and TUNEL-positive cell rate, as well as decreased the levels of cleaved caspase-3, cytoplasm cytochrome C, CK, LDH, MDA, and TNF- α .  Conclusion . These results suggested that kaempferol provides cardioprotection via antioxidant activity and inhibition of GSK-3 β  activity in rats with I/R.

oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

Protective Effects of Kaempferol against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Rat Heart via Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">β</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>

Protective Effects of Kaempferol against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Rat Heart via Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β