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Oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) were extracted from  Hedyotis diffusa  using a hyphenated procedure of ultrasound-assisted and supercritical carbon dioxide (HSC–CO 2 ) extraction at different temperatures, pressures, cosolvent percentages, and SC–CO 2  flow rates. The results indicated that these parameters significantly affected the extraction yield. The maximal yields of OA (0.917 mg/g of dry plant) and UA (3.540 mg/g of dry plant) were obtained at a dynamic extraction time of 110 min, a static extraction time of 15 min, 28.2 MPa, and 56°C with a 12.5% (v/v) cosolvent (ethanol/water = 82/18, v/v) and SC–CO 2  flowing at 2.3 mL/min (STP). The extracted yields were then analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the OA and UA. The present findings revealed that  H. diffusa  is a potential source of OA and UA. In addition, using the hyphenated procedure for extraction is a promising and alternative process for recovering OA and UA from  H. diffusa  at high concentrations.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

Determination of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids in<i>Hedyotis diffusa</i>Using Hyphenated Ultrasound-Assisted Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction and Chromatography

Determination of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids inHedyotis diffusaUsing Hyphenated Ultrasound-Assisted Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction and Chromatography