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The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of a chokeberry anthocyanin extract (CAE) on pancreatic  β -cells ( β TC3) exposed to hydrogen peroxide- (H 2 O 2 -) and high glucose- (HG-) induced oxidative stress conditions. In order to quantify individual anthocyanins high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to photodiode array (PDA) was used. The identification of the fragment ion pattern of anthocyanins was carried out by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The results showed that physiologically achievable concentrations of CAE (1, 5, and 10  μ M) protect  β TC3 against H 2 O 2 - and HG-induced cytotoxicity. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in pancreatic  β -cells pretreated with CAE compared to cells exposed to the prooxidant agents. GSH levels initially reduced after exposure to H 2 O 2  and HG were restored by pretreatment with CAE. Insulin secretion in  β TC3 cells was enhanced by CAE pretreatment. CAE restored the insulin pool and diminished the intracellular reactive oxygen species level in glucose-induced stress condition in  β TC3 cells. These results demonstrate that anthocyanins from CAE were biologically active, showing a secretagogue potential and an antioxidative protection of enzymatic systems, conferring protection against H 2 O 2  and glucose toxicity in  β TC3 cells.

Chokeberry Anthocyanin Extract as Pancreaticβ-Cell Protectors in Two Models of Induced Oxidative Stress