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The wood frog,  Rana sylvatica , has numerous adaptations that allow it to survive freezing of up to 65% of its total body water during the winter. Such adaptations have been found to include the expression of novel freeze responsive genes that are thought to be important for adaptation and survival. In this study, the tissue-specific stress responsive expression of one novel gene,  fr47 , was assessed in seven wood frog tissues. In response to freezing, the transcript expression of  fr47  increased significantly in six tissues: heart, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and testes. The expression of  fr47  was also strongly upregulated by component stresses of freezing, namely, anoxia and dehydration. A dynamic change in  fr47  expression was also observed during tadpole development, with expression low in embryonic stages (Gosner stages 14–20), increasing through intermediate (stages 26–43) and transformation phases (stages 44-45). These results indicated that  fr47  potentially has a role to play in development and metamorphosis, in addition to freeze, anoxia, and dehydration tolerance.  De novo  analysis of FR47 protein structure revealed a likelihood of membrane associated function and possible GRB2 association. It is hypothesized that this interaction may influence inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production, known to increase during wood frog freezing.

Expression and Characterization of the Novel Genefr47during Freezing in the Wood Frog,Rana sylvatica