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The aim of this study was to characterize clinical field isolates of  Leishmania  spp. obtained from patients with American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) who live in Goiás state, Brazil. The presumed areas of infection were in Goiás, Tocantins, and Pará states. Three isolates of parasites were identified as  L. (Viannia) braziliensis  and one as  L. (V.) guyanensis . The  in vitro  growth profiles were found to be similar for all parasites. Nevertheless, in C57BL/6 mice,  L. (V.) guyanensis  infection was better controlled than  L. (V.) braziliensis . Yet in C57BL/6 mice deficient in interferon gamma,  L. (V.) guyanensis  lesions developed faster than those caused by  L. (V.) braziliensis  isolates. In BALB/c mice, the development of lesions was similar for isolates from both species; however, on the 11th week of infection, amastigotes could not be observed in macrophages from  L. (V.) guyanensis -infected mice. Thus,  L. (V.) guyanensis  can be circulating in Goiás, a state where autochthonous cases of this species had not yet been reported. Considering the difficulties to differentiate  L. (V.) guyanensis  from  L. (V.) braziliensis  at the molecular, morphological, and clinical (human and murine models) levels, the presence of  L. (V.) guyanensis  infections is possibly underestimated in several regions of Brazil.

biomed research international

Identification and Biological Characterization of<i>Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis</i>Isolated from a Patient with Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Goiás, a Nonendemic Area for This Species in Brazil

Identification and Biological Characterization ofLeishmania (Viannia) guyanensisIsolated from a Patient with Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Goiás, a Nonendemic Area for This Species in Brazil