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Background and Aim. p53 activity plays a role in muscle homeostasis and skeletal muscle differentiation; all pathways that lead to sarcopenia are related to p53 activities. We investigate the allelic frequency of the TP53 codon 72 in exon 4 polymorphism in the Italian female population and the association with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index in normal weight (NW), normal weight obese (NWO), and preobese-obese (Preob-Ob) subjects. Methods. We evaluated anthropometry, body composition, and p53 polymorphism in 140 women distinguished in NW, NWO, and Preob-Ob. Results. Arg * / Arg * genotype increases sarcopenia risk up to 20% ( Arg * / Arg * genotype OR = 1. 20; 95% CI = 0. 48– 2. 9; proallele * carriers OR = 0. 83; 95% CI = 0. 83– 2. 06). The risk of being sarcopenic for Arg * / Arg * genotype in NWO and Preob-Ob is 31% higher than NW carriers of proallele * (RR = 0, 31, 95% CI = 0, 15– 0, 66, P = 0, 0079). We developed a model able to predict sarcopenia risk based on age, body fat, and p53 polymorphism. Conclusion. Our study evidences that genotyping TP53 polymorphism could be a useful new genetic approach, in association with body composition evaluations, to assess sarcopenia risk.

Individually Tailored Screening of Susceptibility to Sarcopenia Using p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism, Phenotypes, and Conventional Risk Factors