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Relative quantification of  algC  gene expression was evaluated in the multidrug resistant strain  Acinetobacter baumannii  AIIMS 7 biofilm (3 to 96 h, on polystyrene surface) compared to the planktonic counterparts. Comparison revealed differential  algC  expression pattern with maximum 81.59-fold increase in biofilm cells versus 3.24-fold in planktonic cells ( P  < 0.05). Expression levels strongly correlated with specific biofilm stages (scale of 3 to 96 h), coinciding maximum at initial surface attachment stage (9 h) and biofilm maturation stage (48 h). Cloning, heterologous expression, and bioinformatics analyses indicated  algC  gene product as the bifunctional enzyme phosphomannomutase/phosphoglucomutase (PMM/PGM) of ∼53 kDa size, which augmented biofilms significantly in  algC  clones compared to controls (lacking  algC  gene), further localized by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, molecular dynamics analysis on the three-dimensional structure of PMM/PGM (simulated up to 10 ns) revealed enzyme structure as stable and similar to that in  P. aeruginosa  (synthesis of alginate and lipopolysaccharide core) and involved in constitution of biofilm EPS (extracellular polymeric substances). Our observation on differential expression pattern of  algC  having strong correlation with important biofilm stages, scanning electron-microscopic evidence of biofilm augmentation taken together with predictive enzyme functions via molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, proposes a new basis of  A. baumannii  AIIMS 7 biofilm development on inanimate surfaces.

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Characterization of the<i>algC</i>Gene Expression Pattern in the Multidrug Resistant<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>AIIMS 7 and Correlation with Biofilm Development on Abiotic Surface

Characterization of thealgCGene Expression Pattern in the Multidrug ResistantAcinetobacter baumanniiAIIMS 7 and Correlation with Biofilm Development on Abiotic Surface