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The aim of the present study was to determine the serum cytokine profile and levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in patients with uveitis associated with Behçet's disease (BD) and to compare them with those obtained from healthy control subjects. We determined the serum concentration of interferon- γ  (IFN- γ ), interleukin-1 β  (IL-1 β ), IL-12p70, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor- α  (TNF- α ), and hsCRP in 13 patients with active uveitis associated to BD, 24 inactive BD patients, and 20 controls. In a subgroup of 10 active patients, a second serum sample was obtained when the disease was inactive. Cytokine profiles and hsCRP levels were correlated with disease activity, severity, complications, and visual outcome. Levels of IFN- γ  and TNF- α  were significantly increased in patients with active uveitis associated to BD compared to controls ( P  < 0.05). IFN- γ , TNF- α , and hsCRP were significantly higher during active uveitis associated to BD compared to inactive disease ( P  < 0.05). Furthermore, IL-17A was significantly increased in patients with active BD without pharmacological treatment compared to controls ( P  < 0.05). No significant correlations were found with specific cytokine profiles and disease severity, visual outcome, or complications. In summary, increased serum levels of IFN- γ , TNF- α , IL-17A, and hsCRP were associated with active uveitis associated with BD and might serve as markers of disease activity.

Proinflammatory Cytokines and C-Reactive Protein in Uveitis Associated with Behçet’s Disease