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The study aimed to investigate the effect of niacin on vascular inflammatory lesions  in vivo  and  in vitro  as well as its lipid-regulating mechanism.  In vivo  study revealed that niacin downregulated the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-  α  ) in plasma, suppressed protein expression of CD68 and NF-  κ  B p65 in arterial wall, and attenuated oxidative stress in guinea pigs that have been fed high fat diet.  In vitro  study further confirmed that niacin decreased the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-  α   and inhibited NF-  κ  B p65 and notch1 protein expression in oxLDL-stimulated HUVECs and THP-1 macrophages. Moreover, niacin attenuated oxLDL-induced apoptosis of HUVECs as well. In addition, niacin significantly lessened lipid deposition in arterial wall, increased HDL-C and apoA levels and decreased TG and non-HDL-C levels in plasma, and upregulated the mRNA amount of cholesterol 7  α  -hydroxylase A1 in liver of guinea pigs. These data suggest for the first time that niacin inhibits vascular inflammation  in vivo  and  in vitro  via downregulating NF-  κ  B signaling pathway. Furthermore, niacin also modulates plasma lipid by upregulating the expression of factors involved in the process of reverse cholesterol transport.

Niacin Inhibits Vascular Inflammation via Downregulating Nuclear Transcription Factor-κB Signaling Pathway