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An immunoassay-based algorithm, involving three commercial kits, was introduced and evaluated for screening and identification of  Giardia/Cryptosporidium  antigens in human stool specimens. Initially,  Giardia/Cryptosporidium  Chek kit (TechLab), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was adopted for screening. The ELISA-positive reactions were subsequently characterised by RIDA Quick  Giardia  and RIDA Quick  Cryptosporidium  immunochromatographic kits (R-Biopharm). A gold standard test comprising PCR and microscopy was used for preparing control samples. Performance of individual kits was tested against these samples which included 50  Giardia -positive, 40  Cryptosporidium -positive, and 70  Cryptosporidium/Giardia -negative. For  Cryptosporidium , specificities of the ELISA and RIDA Quick  Cryptosporidium  kits were 95.71% and 100%, respectively. Both kits demonstrated sensitivity of 95%. For  Giardia , the ELISA and RIDA Quick  Giardia  kits showed sensitivities of 100% and 97.5%, respectively. Specificities obtained by the ELISA and RIDA Quick  Giardia  were 95.7% and 100%, respectively. Based on the results of two reference PCRs, on 250 random samples, the algorithm exhibited sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 97.06%, 100.00%, 100.00%, and 98.91%, respectively. In conclusion, this immunoassay-based algorithm can be used as routine test in diagnostic laboratories for screening and identification of a large number of samples.

journal of parasitology research

Evaluation of an Immunoassay-Based Algorithm for Screening and Identification of<i>Giardia</i>and<i>Cryptosporidium</i>Antigens in Human Faecal Specimens from Saudi Arabia

Evaluation of an Immunoassay-Based Algorithm for Screening and Identification ofGiardiaandCryptosporidiumAntigens in Human Faecal Specimens from Saudi Arabia