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Many flowering plants exhibit an important intraspecific reproductive barrier phenomenon, that is, self-incompatibility (SI), in which  S-RNase  genes play a significant role. To clarify the specific function of  S-RNase  genes in Chinese pears, the full length cDNA of  PbS    26    -RNase  was isolated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology from Chinese white pear ( Pyrus bretschneideri ) cultivar “Hongpisu.” The cDNA sequence for  PbS    26    -RNase  was deposited in GenBank under accession number EU081888. At the amino acid level, the  PbS    26    -RNase  displayed the highest similarity (96.9%) with PcSa-RNase of  P. communis , and only seven amino acid differences were present in the two S-RNases. Phylogenetic analysis of rosaceous S-RNases indicated that the  PbS    26    -RNase  clustered with maloideous S-RNases, forming a subfamily-specific not a species-specific group. The  PbS    26    -RNase  gene was specifically expressed in the style but not other tissues/organs. The expression level of the  PbS    26    -RNase  gene rapidly increased at bell balloon stage (BBS), and then it dropped after pollination. However, the abundance of the  PbS    26    -RNase  gene transcript in the style was greater after cross-pollination than after self-pollination. In addition, a method for rapidly detecting the  PbS    26    -RNase  gene was developed via allele-specific primers design. The present study could provide a scientific basis for fully clarifying the mechanism of pear SI at the molecular level.

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Sequence Characterization and Spatiotemporal Expression Patterns ofPbS26-RNaseGene in Chinese White Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri)