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We present the karyotype characteristics of five cytotypes of mole rats ( Nannospalax ) with 56 chromosomes revealed by the C-banding and AgNOR staining analyses. We attempt to investigate if the specific distinction between the populations from Thrace ( N. leucodon ) and Anatolia ( N. xanthodon ) is reflected also in their karyotypic differentiation. The specimens from each of the five populations studied revealed a distinct karyotype which was different from those found in other populations. The fundamental number of autosomal arms varied from 68 to 72. The amount of C-heterochromatin was larger in the Thrace sample of  N. leucodon  compared to the Anatolian population of  N. xanthodon . The active NOR sites were recorded on five autosomal pairs in  N. leucodon , whereas only three or four pairs bearing NOR were observed in  N. xanthodon . Differences between the studied populations were quantified in the analysis of the distribution pattern of the C-positive bands and the AgNOR sites in individual chromosomes which indicated a basal position of the Thrace sample of  N. leucodon  and its divergence from other studied populations. The karyotypes of the 56-chromosome populations of  N. leucodon  and  N. xanthodon  are thus distinctly different.

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Comparison of the Chromosome Banding Pattern in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>56</mml:mn></mml:math>Cytotypes of<i>Nannospalax leucodon</i>and<i>N. xanthodon</i>from Turkey

Comparison of the Chromosome Banding Pattern in the2n=56Cytotypes ofNannospalax leucodonandN. xanthodonfrom Turkey