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The neuroprotection induced by  Hypericum brasiliense  Choisy extract (HBE) and its main active polyphenol compound quercetin, against  Crotalus durissus terrificus  (Cdt) venom and crotoxin and crotamine, was enquired at both central and peripheral mammal nervous system. Cdt venom (10   μ  g/mL) or crotoxin (1   μ  g/mL) incubated at mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation (PND) induced an irreversible and complete neuromuscular blockade, respectively. Crotamine (1   μ  g/mL) only induced an increase of muscle strength at PND preparations. At mouse brain slices, Cdt venom (1, 5, and 10   μ  g/mL) decreased cell viability. HBE (100   μ  g/mL) inhibited significantly the facilitatory action of crotamine (1   μ  g/mL) and was partially active against the neuromuscular blockade of crotoxin (1   μ  g/mL) (data not shown). Quercetin (10   μ  g/mL) mimicked the neuromuscular protection of HBE (100   μ  g/mL), by inhibiting almost completely the neurotoxic effect induced by crotoxin (1   μ  g/mL) and crotamine (1   μ  g/mL). HBE (100   μ  g/mL) and quercetin (10   μ  g/mL) also increased cell viability in mice brain slices. Quercetin (10   μ  g/mL) was more effective than HBE (100   μ  g/mL) in counteracting the cell lysis induced by Cdt venom (1 and 10   μ  g/mL, resp.). These results and a further phytochemical and toxicological investigations could open new perspectives towards therapeutic use of  Hypericum brasiliense  standardized extract and quercetin, especially to counteract the neurotoxic effect induced by snake neurotoxic venoms.

In VitroAntiophidian Mechanisms ofHypericum brasilienseChoisy Standardized Extract: Quercetin-Dependent Neuroprotection