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Generation of germ cells from pluripotent stem cells  in vitro  could have great application for treating infertility and provides an excellent model for uncovering molecular mechanisms controlling gametogenesis. In this study, we explored the differentiation potential of mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells towards male germ cells. Embryoid body formation and retinoic acid/testosterone induction were applied to promote differentiation of mouse iPS cells into male germ cells  in vitro . Quantitative RT-PCR and immunoflourescence were performed to characterize the iPS cell differentiation process, and notably there were different temporal expression profiles of male germ cell-associated genes. The expression of proteins, including MVH, CDH1, and SCP3, was remarkably increased. mRNA expression of  Stra8 ,  Odf2 ,  Act , and  Prm1  was upregulated in iPS cells by retinoic acid or testosterone induction, whereas  Oct-4  transcription was reduced in these cells compared to the controls. Hormones were also measured in the EB medium. DNA content analysis by flow cytometry revealed that iPS cells could differentiate into haploid cells through retinoic acid or testosterone treatment. Collectively, our results suggest that mouse iPS cells possess the potency to differentiate into male germ cells  in vitro  through embryoid body formation and retinoic acid or testosterone induction.

biomed research international

Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Male Germ Cells<i>In Vitro</i>through Embryoid Body Formation and Retinoic Acid or Testosterone Induction

Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Male Germ CellsIn Vitrothrough Embryoid Body Formation and Retinoic Acid or Testosterone Induction