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Lovastatin, a natural byproduct of some fungi, is able to inhibit HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3methyl glutaryl CoA) reductase. This is a key enzyme involved in isoprenoid synthesis and essential for cell membrane formation in methanogenic Archaea. In this paper, experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that lovastatin secreted by  Aspergillus terreus  in fermented rice straw extracts (FRSE) can inhibit growth and CH 4  production in  Methanobrevibacter smithii  (a test methanogen). By HPLC analysis, 75% of the total lovastatin in FRSE was in the active hydroxyacid form, and  in vitro  studies confirmed that this had a stronger effect in reducing both growth and CH 4  production in  M. smithii  compared to commercial lovastatin. Transmission electron micrographs revealed distorted morphological divisions of lovastatin- and FRSE-treated  M. smithii  cells, supporting its role in blocking normal cell membrane synthesis. Real-time PCR confirmed that both commercial lovastatin and FRSE increased ( P  < 0.01) the expression of HMG-CoA reductase gene ( hmg ). In addition, expressions of other gene transcripts in  M. smithii . with a key involvement in methanogenesis were also affected. Experimental confirmation that CH 4  production is inhibited by lovastatin in  A. terreus -fermented rice straw paves the way for its evaluation as a feed additive for mitigating CH 4  production in ruminants.

biomed research international

Lovastatin in<i>Aspergillus terreus</i>: Fermented Rice Straw Extracts Interferes with Methane Production and Gene Expression in<i>Methanobrevibacter smithii</i>

Lovastatin inAspergillus terreus: Fermented Rice Straw Extracts Interferes with Methane Production and Gene Expression inMethanobrevibacter smithii