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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. This may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and   α  -glucosidase inhibitors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of  Morinda lucida  leaf extracts on the activities of   α  -amylase and   α  -glucosidase. This was performed using   α  -amylase from  Aspergillus oryzae  and   α  -glucosidase from  Saccharomyces cerevisiae.  Aqueous extract of  Morinda lucida  gave the highest percentage yield (9.99%) of the plant out of the three extracts (compared to acetone and ethanolic extracts) and possesses the highest inhibitory activity against   α  -amylase (IC 50  value of 2.30 mg/mL) and   α  -glucosidase (IC 50  value of 2.00 mg/mL). Kinetic analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of this plant leaf inhibited the   α  -amylase competitively but displayed mixed noncompetitive mode of inhibition towards   α  -glucosidase. It can be concluded that aqueous extract of  Morinda lucida  exhibited the best inhibitory activity on the two enzymes studied and the presence of phytochemicals like flavonoids, saponins, and tannins may have contributed greatly to the inhibitory activity of the plant extract.

Modes of Inhibition ofα-Amylase andα-Glucosidase by Aqueous Extract ofMorinda lucidaBenth Leaf