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Mung bean ( Vigna Radiata ) has been traditionally used in China both as nutritional food and herbal medicine against a number of inflammatory conditions since the 1050s. A nucleosomal protein, HMGB1, has recently been established as a late mediator of lethal systemic inflammation with a relatively wider therapeutic window for pharmacological interventions. Here we explored the HMGB1-inhibiting capacity and therapeutic potential of mung bean coat (MBC) extract  in vitro  and  in vivo . We found that MBC extract dose-dependently attenuated LPS-induced release of HMGB1 and several chemokines in macrophage cultures. Oral administration of MBC extract significantly increased animal survival rates from 29.4% (in saline group,  N  = 17 mice) to 70% (in experimental MBC extract group,  N  = 17 mice,  P  < 0.05).  In vitro , MBC extract stimulated HMGB1 protein aggregation and facilitated both the formation of microtubule-associatedprotein-1-light-chain-3-(LC3-)containing cytoplasmic vesicles, and the production of LC3-II in macrophage cultures. Consequently, MBC extract treatment led to reduction of cellular HMGB1 levels in macrophage cultures, which was impaired by coaddition of two autophagy inhibitors (bafilomycin A1 and 3-methyladenine).  Conclusion . MBC extract is protective against lethal sepsis possibly by stimulating autophagic HMGB1 degradation.

It Is Not Just Folklore: The Aqueous Extract of Mung Bean Coat Is Protective against Sepsis