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OILIENDORF, WILLIAM EL Brain uptake of radiolaMed amino acids, nmines, and hexoses after arterial injection. Am. J. Physiol. 2 2 I(6) : 16294639. 1971 .-The loss of a 14C-labeled test substance to brain during a single capillary passage following rapid injection into the rat common carotid artery was measured relative to a simultaneously injected highly diffusible reference, 3HOHW Twenty-eight amino acids, thirteen amines, seven hexoses, and 5 relatively nondiffusible substances were studied. Amino acid uptakes ranged from unmeasurably low to 55%. Essential nutritional amino acid uptake was greater than nonessential. TWO blood-brain barrier (BBB) carrier systems for amino acids were identified. Putative transmitter substances were much less taken up by brain than precursors. Saturability of D-glucose uptake was demonstrated and evidence presented that all of the five hexoses measurably taken up by brain shared a common carrier. Nonmetabolized cycloleucine and 3-O-methylglucose showed saturable uptakes. Amino acid uptake was incompletely stereo-specific whereas glucose uptake was stereospecific. Phlorizin inhibits brain uptake of D-glucose. Relative BBB permeabilities to many of the test substances resemble red-cell permeabilities. Carrier systems for amino acids are independent of the glucose carrier.

Brain uptake of radiolabeled amino acids, amines, and hexoses after arterial injection