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Inactive cortisone is converted to active cortisol within the liver by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11 beta-HSD1), and impaired regulation of this process may be related to increased hepatic glucose production (HGP) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute 11 beta-HSD1 inhibition on HGP and fat metabolism during insulin deficiency. Sixteen conscious, 42-h-fasted, lean, healthy dogs were studied. Somatostatin was infused to create insulin deficiency, and the animals were treated with a specific 11 beta-HSD1 inhibitor (compound 531) or placebo for 5 h. 11 beta-HSD1 inhibition completely suppressed hepatic cortisol production, and this attenuated the increase in HGP that occurred during insulin deficiency. PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase expression were decreased when 11 beta-HSD1 was inhibited, but gluconeogenic flux was unchanged, implying an effect on glycogenolysis. Since inhibition of hepatic cortisol production reduces HGP during insulin deficiency, 11 beta-HSD1 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of excess glucose production that occurs in diabetes.

Effect of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 inhibition on hepatic glucose metabolism in the conscious dog