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A single exercise session can increase insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) by skeletal muscle, concomitant with greater Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) phosphorylation on Akt-phosphosites (Thr 642  and Ser 588 ) that regulate insulin-stimulated GU. Recent research using mouse skeletal muscle suggested that ex vivo 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) or electrically stimulated contractile activity-inducing increased γ3-AMPK activity and AS160 phosphorylation on a consensus AMPK-motif (Ser 704 ) resulted in greater AS160 Thr 642  phosphorylation and GU by insulin-stimulated muscle. Our primary goal was to determine whether in vivo exercise that increases insulin-stimulated GU in rat skeletal muscle would also increase γ3-AMPK activity and AS160 site-selective phosphorylation (Ser 588 , Thr 642 , and Ser 704 ) immediately postexercise (IPEX) and/or 3 h postexercise (3hPEX). Epitrochlearis muscles isolated from sedentary and exercised (2-h swim exercise; studied IPEX and 3hPEX) rats were incubated with 2-deoxyglucose to determine GU (without insulin at IPEX; without or with insulin at 3hPEX). Muscles were also assessed for γ1-AMPK activity, γ3-AMPK activity, phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK), and phosphorylated AS160 (pAS160). IPEX versus sedentary had greater γ3-AMPK activity, pAS160 (Ser 588 , Thr 642 , Ser 704 ), and GU with unaltered γ1-AMPK activity. 3hPEX versus sedentary had greater γ3-AMPK activity, pAS160 Ser 704 , and GU with or without insulin; greater pAS160 Thr 642  only with insulin; and unaltered γ1-AMPK activity. These results using an in vivo exercise protocol that increased insulin-stimulated GU in rat skeletal muscle are consistent with the hypothesis that in vivo exercise-induced enhancement of γ3-AMPK activation and AS160 Ser 704  IPEX and 3hPEX are important for greater pAS160 Thr 642  and enhanced insulin-stimulated GU by skeletal muscle.

Postexercise improvement in glucose uptake occurs concomitant with greater γ3-AMPK activation and AS160 phosphorylation in rat skeletal muscle