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Cytoskeletal networks are the main actuators of cellular mechanics, and afoundational example for active matter physics. In cytoskeletal networks,motion is generated on small scales by filaments that push and pull on eachother via molecular-scale motors. These local actuations give rise to largescale stresses and motion. To understand how microscopic processes can giverise to self-organized behavior on larger scales it is important to considerwhat mechanisms mediate long-ranged mechanical interactions in the systems. Twoscenarios have been considered in the recent literature. The first are systemswhich are relatively sparse, in which most of the large scale momentum transferis mediated by the solvent in which cytoskeletal filaments are suspended. Thesecond, are systems in which filaments are coupled via crosslink moleculesthroughout. Here, we review the differences and commonalities between thephysics of these two regimes. We also survey the literature for the numbersthat allow us to place a material within either of these two classes.

How crosslink numbers shape the large-scale physics of cytoskeletal materials