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In this work, fundamental performance, power, and energy characteristics ofthe full SPEChpc 2021 benchmark suite are assessed on two different clustersbased on Intel Ice Lake and Sapphire Rapids CPUs using the MPI-only codes'variants. We use memory bandwidth, data volume, and scalability metrics inorder to categorize the benchmarks and pinpoint relevant performance andscalability bottlenecks on the node and cluster levels. Common patterns such asmemory bandwidth limitation, dominating communication and synchronizationoverhead, MPI serialization, superlinear scaling, and alignment issues could beidentified, in isolation or in combination, showing that SPEChpc 2021 isrepresentative of many HPC workloads. Power dissipation and energy measurementsindicate that the modern Intel server CPUs have such a high idle power levelthat race-to-idle is the paramount strategy for energy to solution andenergy-delay product minimization. On the chip level, only memory-bound codeshows a clear advantage of Sapphire Rapids compared to Ice Lake in terms ofenergy to solution.

SPEChpc 2021 Benchmarks on Ice Lake and Sapphire Rapids Infiniband Clusters: A Performance and Energy Case Study