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Software-defined networking (SDN) and software-defined flash (SDF) have beenserving as the backbone of modern data centers. They are managed separately tohandle I/O requests. At first glance, this is a reasonable design by followingthe rack-scale hierarchical design principles. However, it suffers fromsuboptimal end-to-end performance, due to the lack of coordination between SDNand SDF.  In this paper, we co-design the SDN and SDF stack by redefining the functionsof their control plane and data plane, and splitting up them within a newarchitecture named RackBlox. RackBlox decouples the storage managementfunctions of flash-based solid-state drives (SSDs), and allow the SDN to trackand manage the states of SSDs in a rack. Therefore, we can enable the statesharing between SDN and SDF, and facilitate global storage resource management.RackBlox has three major components: (1) coordinated I/O scheduling, in whichit dynamically adjusts the I/O scheduling in the storage stack with themeasured and predicted network latency, such that it can coordinate the effortof I/O scheduling across the network and storage stack for achievingpredictable end-to-end performance; (2) coordinated garbage collection (GC), inwhich it will coordinate the GC activities across the SSDs in a rack tominimize their impact on incoming I/O requests; (3) rack-scale wear leveling,in which it enables global wear leveling among SSDs in a rack by periodicallyswapping data, for achieving improved device lifetime for the entire rack. Weimplement RackBlox using programmable SSDs and switch. Our experimentsdemonstrate that RackBlox can reduce the tail latency of I/O requests by up to5.8x over state-of-the-art rack-scale storage systems.

RackBlox: A Software-Defined Rack-Scale Storage System with Network-Storage Co-Design