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Randomized backoff protocols, such as exponential backoff, are a powerfultool for managing access to a shared resource, often a wireless communicationchannel (e.g., [1]). For a wireless device to transmit successfully, it uses abackoff protocol to ensure exclusive access to the channel. Modern radios,however, do not need exclusive access to the channel to communicate; inparticular, they have the ability to receive useful information even when morethan one device transmits at the same time. These capabilities have now beenexploited for many years by systems that rely on interference cancellation,physical layer network coding and analog network coding to improve efficiency.For example, Zigzag decoding [56] demonstrated how a base station can decodemessages sent by multiple devices simultaneously.  In this paper, we address the following question: Can we design a backoffprotocol that is better than exponential backoff when exclusive channel accessis not required. We define the Coded Radio Network Model, which generalizestraditional radio network models (e.g., [30]). We then introduce the DecodableBackoff Algorithm, a randomized backoff protocol that achieves an optimalthroughput of $1-o(1)$. (Throughput $1$ is optimal, as simultaneous receptiondoes not increase the channel capacity.) The algorithm breaks the constantthroughput lower bound for traditional radio networks [47-49], showing thepower of these new hardware capabilities.

Contention Resolution for Coded Radio Networks