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Out-of-order speculation, a technique ubiquitous since the early 1990s,remains a fundamental security flaw. Via attacks such as Spectre and Meltdown,an attacker can trick a victim, in an otherwise entirely correct program, intoleaking its secrets through the effects of misspeculated execution, in a waythat is entirely invisible to the programmer's model. This has seriousimplications for application sandboxing and inter-process communication.  Designing efficient mitigations, that preserve the performance ofout-of-order execution, has been a challenge. The speculation-hiding techniquesin the literature have been shown to not close such channels comprehensively,allowing adversaries to redesign attacks. Strong, precise guarantees arenecessary, but at the same time mitigations must achieve high performance to beadopted. We present Strictness Ordering, a new constraint system that shows howwe can comprehensively eliminate transient side channel attacks, while stillallowing complex speculation and data forwarding between speculativeinstructions. We then present GhostMinion, a cache modification built using avariety of new techniques designed to provide Strictness Order at only 2.5%overhead.

GhostMinion: A Strictness-Ordered Cache System for Spectre Mitigation