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The information and communication technology sector reportedly has a relevantimpact on the environment. Within this sector, video streaming has beenidentified as a major driver of CO2-emissions. To make streaming moresustainable, environmentally relevant factors must be identified on both theuser and the provider side. Hence, environmental assessments, like life cycleassessments (LCA), need to broaden their perspective from a mere technologicalto one that includes user decisions and behavior. However, quantitative data onuser behavior (e.g. streaming duration, choice of end device and resolution)are often lacking or difficult to integrate in LCA. Additionally, identifyingrelevant determinants of user behavior, such as the design of streamingplatforms or user motivations, may help to design streaming services that keepenvironmental impact at a passable level. In order to carry out assessments insuch a way, interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary. Therefore, thisexploratory study combined LCA with an online survey (N= 91, 7 consecutive daysof assessment). Based on this dataset the use phase of online video streamingwas modeled. Additionally, factors such as sociodemographic, motivational andcontextual determinants were measured. Results show that CO2-intensity of videostreaming depends on several factors. It is shown that for climate intensitythere is a factor 10 between choosing a smart TV and smartphone for videostreaming. Furthermore, results show that some factors can be tackled fromprovider side to reduce overall energy demand at the user side; one of which issetting a low resolution as default.

All you can stream: Investigating the role of user behavior for greenhouse gas intensity of video streaming